ICSE-X-HistCivics
Previous Year Paper year:2010
- #8-a [3]Mention the Provisions of the Indian Independence Act of 1947 regarding the Constituent Assemblies.Ans :
(i) It made a provision for the creation of two Independent Dominions by 15th August, 1947 to be known as Indian and Pakistan. East Bengal, West Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, North-West Frontier Province and the district of Sylhet (Assam) would be part of Pakistan. All the remaining territories included in British India would be part of India.
(ii) They would act as central legislatures and would have full power to make laws.
(iii)The present Constituent Assembly would continue to work and draft a Constitution for India, while Pakistan would have a separate Constituent Assembly.
- #8-b [3]Discuss three basic reasons why the Cabinet Mission Plan rejected the demand for Pakistan.Ans :
(i) The establishment of Pakistan would not solve the problem of communal minorities.
(ii) There was no justification for including within Pakistan, the non-Muslim districts of Bengal, Assam and the Punjab.
(iii) It would involve dislocation of communication network and division of armed forces.
- #8-c [4]Mention four important reasons for the All-Indian Congress Committee accepting the Mountbatten Plan.Ans : The Congress accepted the Mountbatten plan due to following reasons:
- The Muslim League had obstructed the smooth functioning of the Interim Government earlier so it was difficult for Congress to accept it as an ally in Government.
- A smaller united and strong India was better than a big but weak country.
- Large scale communal riots and loss of lives and property had clearly shown that much more bloodshed will occur if partition was done.
- Any further delay in the transfer of power could bring civil war in India as British were instigating the rulers of the native states for freedom.
- The Congress felt that partition would do away with communal electorates and other undemocratic procedures.
- Qstn #9:
The United Nations apart from its main organs also work through its allied agencies. In this context, answer the following questions:
- #9-a [3]Write the expanded form of UNESCO. Mention two of its functions in the field of education.Ans : UNESCO: United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Functions of UNESCO in the field of Education:
- Removal of illiteracy by encouraging adult education, distance education and open school system.
- Emphasis on education of women and girls.
- Financial Assistance for the disable children.
- Grants and fellowship to teachers and scholars, organized library system and promote international understanding.
- Organizes book fairs and festivals. (any two)
- #9-b [3]Explain three vital roles that the WHO plays in combating diseases.Ans :
(i) It helps the countries to build up infrastructure in health.
(ii) It promotes research for developing new technologies in health, nutrition, maternal and child care etc.
(iii) It provides safe drinking water.
(iv) It organizes immunizations to prevent six major communicable diseases like Polio, Diphtheria, Measles, Tetanus, Tuberculosis and Whooping Cough.
(v) It prevents death among infants from diarrhoea.
(vi) It trains medical personnel to tackle emergency situations in relation to health.
(vii) It sets standards for many life saving drugs.
(viii)It provides information and consultation on health matters and health awareness. (any three)
- #9-c [4]Mention four functions of the Security Council in maintaining peace.Ans : Functions of the Security Council:
- To investigate the dispute or situation which might lead to international friction.
- To recommend ways of adjusting, or settling such disputes according to the terms of the settlement.
- To make plans for the establishment of a system to regulate armaments. To determine the existence of a threat to peace, or an act of aggression and to suggest what remedial action should be taken.
- To make military action against an aggressor. (any three)
- Qstn #10:
There were several far reaching consequences as a result of the First World War. In this context, answer the following:
- #10-a [3]Explain how World War I brought about a changed political scenario of the world.Ans :
(i) Three ruling dynasties were destroyed Romonov, Hohenzollern and Hapsburg.
(ii) Rule of Ottomans came to an end.
(iii) Austria-Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yogoslavia became separate independent states.
- #10-b [3]What did France gain from the Treaty of Versailles ?Ans :
(i) It was given full control over the rich coal mines in the Saar basin although the area was governed by the League of Nations.
(ii) It was also given some regions of Togo and Cameroons (South East Africa).
(iii) Alsace-Lorraine captured from France in the France-Russian war (1871) was returned to France.
- #10-c [4]How was the war responsible for the rise of Fascism and Nazism in Italy and Germany respectively ?Ans : Rise of Fascism:
- Discontentment after the treaty of Versailles: Italy had joined the Anglo- French alliance against Germany and her allies in the First World War as Britain had promised large chunks of territory after their victory. However the promise went unkempt to a certain extent. She had only two islands in the Adriatic and Aegean seas. Among Italians there was a feeling of being let down.
- Economics crises in Germany and Italy, heavy losses, unemployment, shortage of food grains at the end of the war, thousands of soldiers in Italy had become unemployed. Industrialisation had not progressed and unemployment was on the rise. Even the unemployed working class felt the pinnacle of inflation with low wages and poor working conditions. There were frequent strikes and agrarian riots.
Rise of Nazism :
- The Germans felt hurt, anger and humiliation by the terms of the treaty of Versailles. They blamed the leaders of the Wiener Republic for accepting the heavy penalties imposed on her. All her colonies were taken away. Many of her territories were shared by the European powers. She was militarily weak.
- The first World War had ruined German economy. The heavy burden of war penalties had made her recovery more difficult. She had to borrow heavily from other countries. Inflation and unemployment went hand in hand. Thus between 1924 and 1933 the Nazi party ranks were swelling with German youth.