HomeLearn Fast select Course
Change UnitChange SubjectLast Menu
NEET-XII-Chemistry

07: Chemistry in Everyday Life

Note: Please signup/signin free to get personalized experience.

Note: Please signup/signin free to get personalized experience.

10 minutes can boost your percentage by 10%

No item to list.

Note: Please signup/signin free to get personalized experience.

  
  • #
    7 - Chemistry in Everyday Life
  • #
    Section : I
    SECTION I Page No 448:
  • Qstn #1
    Sleeping pills are recommended by doctors to the patients suffering from sleeplessness but it is not advisable to take its doses without consultation with the doctor, Why?
    Ans : Most drugs when taken in doses higher than recommended may cause harmful effects and sometimes, may even lead to death. Hence, a doctor should always be consulted before taking any medicine.
  • Qstn #2
    With reference to which classification has the statement, ‘ranitidine is an antacid” been given?
    Ans : The given statement refers to the classification of pharmacological effects of the drug. This is because any drug that is used to counteract the effects of excess acid in the stomach is called an antacid.
  • Qstn #3
    Why do we require artificial sweetening agents?
    Ans : A large number of people are suffering from diseases such as diabetes and obesity. These people cannot take normal sugar i.e., sucrose as it is harmful for them. Therefore, artificial sweetening agents that do not add to the calorie intake of a person are required. Saccharin, aspartame, and alitame are a few examples of artificial sweeteners.
  • Qstn #4
    Write the chemical equation for preparing sodium soap from glyceryl oleate and glyceryl palmitate. Structural formulae of these compounds are given below.
  • Qstn #5
    Following type of nom-ionic detergents are present in liquid detergents, emulsifying agents and wetting agents. Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in the molecule. Identify the functional group (s) present in the molecule.


    Ans :

    Functional groups present in the molecule are:

    (i) Ether, and

    (ii) primary alcoholic group
  • #
    Section : II
    SECTION I Page No 454:
  • Qstn #1
    Why do we need to classify drugs in different ways?
    Ans : The classification of drugs and the reasons for classification are as follows:

    (i) On the basis of pharmacological effect:

    This classification provides doctors the whole range of drugs available for the treatment of a particular type of problem. Hence, such a classification is very useful to doctors.

    (ii) On the basis of drug action:

    This classification is based on the action of a drug on a particular biochemical process. Thus, this classification is important.

    (iii) On the basis of chemical structure:

    This classification provides the range of drugs sharing common structural features and often having similar pharmacological activity.

    (iv) On the basis of molecular targets:

    This classification provides medicinal chemists the drugs having the same mechanism of action on targets. Hence, it is the most useful to medicinal chemists.
  • Qstn #2
    Explain the term target molecules or drug targets as used in medicinal chemistry.
    Ans : In medicinal chemistry, drug targets refer to the key molecules involved in certain metabolic pathways that result in specific diseases. Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are examples of drug targets.

    Drugs are chemical agents designed to inhibit these target molecules by binding with the active sites of the key molecules.
  • Qstn #3
    Name the macromolecules that are chosen as drug targets.
    Ans : The macromolecules chosen as drug targets are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
  • Qstn #4
    Why should not medicines be taken without consulting doctors?
    Ans : A medicine can bind to more than one receptor site. Thus, a medicine may be toxic for some receptor sites. Further, in most cases, medicines cause harmful effects when taken in higher doses than recommended. As a result, medicines may be poisonous in such cases. Hence, medicines should not be taken without consulting doctors.
  • Qstn #5
    Define the term chemotherapy.
    Ans : The use of chemicals for therapeutic effect is called chemotherapy. For example: the use of chemicals in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases
next page