NEET-XI-Biology

22: Chemical Coordination and Integration

  • #3
    List the hormones secreted by the following:
    (a) Hypothalamus (b) Pituitary (c) Thyroid
    (d) Parathyroid (e) Adrenal (f) Pancreas
    (g) Testis (h) Ovary (i) Thymus
    (j) Atrium (k) Kidney (l) G-I Tract
    Ans : null (a) Hypothalamus: Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus include:

    (1) Releasing hormones: These hormones stimulate the secretions of the pituitary hormone. Examples of these hormones are:

    (i) Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone

    (ii) Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone

    (iii) Somatotropin-releasing hormone

    (iv) Adrenocorticotrophin-releasing hormone

    (2) Inhibiting hormones: These hormones inhibit the secretions of the pituitary hormone. Examples of these hormones are:

    (i) Somatostatin

    (ii) Growth-inhibiting hormone

    (iii) Melanocyte-inhibiting hormone
    (b) Pituitary: The pituitary gland has two components i.e., adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis.

    Hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis are:

    (i) Growth hormone (GH)

    (ii) Prolactin

    (iii) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

    (iv) Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)

    (v) Luteinizing hormone (LH)

    (vi) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

    (vii) Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

    Hormones secreted by the neurohypophysis are:

    (i) Oxytocin

    (ii) Vasopressin
    (c) Thyroid: The thyroid gland secretes three hormones namely, thyroxin, triiodothyronin, and calcitonin.
    (d) Parathyroid: The parathyroid gland secretes a hormone known as the parathyroid hormone.
    (e) Adrenal: The adrenal gland is divided into two parts, the outer adrenal cortex and the inner adrenal medulla.

    Hormones of adrenal cortex include the following:

    (i) Mineralocorticoids: The hormone secreted is known as aldosterone.

    (ii) Glucocorticoids: The hormone secreted is cortisol.

    Hormones of adrenal medulla are adrenaline and nor-adrenalin.
    (f) Pancreas: Hormones secreted by the pancreas are insulin and glucagon.
    (g) Testis: The hormone secreted by the testis is testosterone.
    (h) Ovary: The hormone secreted by the ovary includes estrogen and progesterone.
    (i) Thymus: Hormones secreted by the thymus are thymosins.
    (j) Atrium: The walls of the atrium secrete atrial natriuretic factor.
    (k) Kidney: The hormone secreted by kidney is erythropoietin.
    (l) G-I tract: The hormones secreted by the G-I tract are Gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP).
  • #3-a
    Hypothalamus
    Ans : Hypothalamus: Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus include:

    (1) Releasing hormones: These hormones stimulate the secretions of the pituitary hormone. Examples of these hormones are:

    (i) Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone

    (ii) Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone

    (iii) Somatotropin-releasing hormone

    (iv) Adrenocorticotrophin-releasing hormone

    (2) Inhibiting hormones: These hormones inhibit the secretions of the pituitary hormone. Examples of these hormones are:

    (i) Somatostatin

    (ii) Growth-inhibiting hormone

    (iii) Melanocyte-inhibiting hormone
  • #3-b
    Pituitary
    Ans : Pituitary: The pituitary gland has two components i.e., adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis.

    Hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis are:

    (i) Growth hormone (GH)

    (ii) Prolactin

    (iii) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

    (iv) Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)

    (v) Luteinizing hormone (LH)

    (vi) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

    (vii) Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

    Hormones secreted by the neurohypophysis are:

    (i) Oxytocin

    (ii) Vasopressin
  • #3-c
    Thyroid
    Ans : Thyroid: The thyroid gland secretes three hormones namely, thyroxin, triiodothyronin, and calcitonin.
  • #3-d
    Parathyroid
    Ans : Parathyroid: The parathyroid gland secretes a hormone known as the parathyroid hormone.
  • #3-e
    Adrenal
    Ans : Adrenal: The adrenal gland is divided into two parts, the outer adrenal cortex and the inner adrenal medulla.

    Hormones of adrenal cortex include the following:

    (i) Mineralocorticoids: The hormone secreted is known as aldosterone.

    (ii) Glucocorticoids: The hormone secreted is cortisol.

    Hormones of adrenal medulla are adrenaline and nor-adrenalin.
  • #3-f
    Pancreas
    Ans : Pancreas: Hormones secreted by the pancreas are insulin and glucagon.
  • #3-g
    Testis
    Ans : Testis: The hormone secreted by the testis is testosterone.
  • #3-h
    Ovary
    Ans : Ovary: The hormone secreted by the ovary includes estrogen and progesterone.
  • #3-i
    Thymus
    Ans : Thymus: Hormones secreted by the thymus are thymosins.
  • #3-j
    Atrium
    Ans : Atrium: The walls of the atrium secrete atrial natriuretic factor.
  • #3-k
    Kidney
    Ans : Kidney: The hormone secreted by kidney is erythropoietin.
  • #3-l
    G-I Tract
    Ans : G-I tract: The hormones secreted by the G-I tract are Gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP).