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ICSE-X-HistCivics

Previous Year Paper year:2014

with Solutions - page 3

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  • #4-b [4]
    Any two administrative powers of the Cabinet.
    Ans : Administrative powers of the Cabinet:

    1. The cabinet is a policy making body. It formulates the external and domestic policies of the government.

    2. It takes decision in problems of defence and security needs.

  • #4-c [4]
    Any two legislative powers of the Cabinet.
    Ans : Legislative powers:

    1. The Cabinet is instrumental in planning and moving the Amendment to the constitution.

    2. The Cabinet initiates more than 95% of the bills. These bills are given priority and preference over private bills. The Cabinet explains the merits of the Bill.

  • Qstn #5
    :
    With reference to the Supreme Court, explain its functions stated below:
  • #5-a [3]
    Original Jurisdiction.
    Ans : Original Jurisdiction: The Original Jurisdiction extends to those cases which Supreme Court has authority to hear and decide in the first instance. The Supreme Court in its original jurisdiction in following cases—

    1. Dispute between Govt, of India and/or more states.

    2. Dispute between two or more states.

    3. Dispute between Union and any state on one side and other states on the other.

    4. The Supreme Court entertains suits for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

    5. Original Jurisdiction extends to such cases in which interpretation of constitution is involved.

  • #5-b [3]
    Advisory Function.
    Ans : Advisory Function: The President may obtain the opinion of the Supreme Court on a question of Law or fact which is of public importance. The Supreme Court may report its opinion after such hearing as it thinks fit. The advisory opinion of the Supreme Court is not binding on the President or on other courts because it is not a judicial decision.
  • #5-c [4]
    As a guardian of Fundamental Rights.
    Ans : Guardian of Fundamental Rights—The Supreme Court is the Guardian and protector of Fundamental Rights. Any citizen whose rights have been violated may move to the Supreme Court for enforcement of Rights. The Supreme Court has the power to issue orders or writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition and quo warranto and certiorari for the enforcement of the Fundamental Laws.
    The Union and the State governments are prohibited from making laws which takes away the Fundamental Rights. If they do so, the law shall be declared null and void by the Supreme Court.
  • Qstn #6
    :
    The establishment of the Indian National Congress led to the development of the National Movement in India. In this context answer the following:
  • #6-a [2]
    When was the Indian National Congress established ? Who presided over its first session ? (b) What were the four aims of the Congress ? (c) Mention four basic beliefs of the Early Nationalists.
    Ans : 1885 at Mumbai Presided by W.C. Baneijee. (b)

    1. To enable national workers from all parts of India to become personally known to each other.

    2. To end all racial, religious and provincial prejudices and to promote a feeling of national unity among all lovers of the country.

    3. The formulation of popular demands on vital problems and their presentation before the government.

    4. To train and organise public opinion in the country.

    (c) Beliefs of Early Nationalists:

    1. The early nationalists had unlimited faith in the British justice and fair play.

    2. They believed that Indian's connection with England was a boon rather than curse.

    3. They looked to England for inspiration and guidance.

    4. They recognised the benefits the British rule has conferred to them especially the English language and modem means of communications and transport.

  • #6-b [4]
    What were the four aims of the Congress ?
    Ans :

    1. To enable national workers from all parts of India to become personally known to each other.

    2. To end all racial, religious and provincial prejudices and to promote a feeling of national unity among all lovers of the country.

    3. The formulation of popular demands on vital problems and their presentation before the government.

    4. To train and organise public opinion in the country.

  • #6-c [4]
    Mention four basic beliefs of the Early Nationalists.
    Ans : Beliefs of Early Nationalists:

    1. The early nationalists had unlimited faith in the British justice and fair play.

    2. They believed that Indian's connection with England was a boon rather than curse.

    3. They looked to England for inspiration and guidance.

    4. They recognised the benefits the British rule has conferred to them especially the English language and modem means of communications and transport.

  • Qstn #7
    :
    In the Nagpur session, 1920 the Congress ratified the resolution to launch the Non-Cooperation movement under the leadership of Gandhiji. In this context:
  • #7-a [2]
    What do you understand by the term Non-Cooperation ?
    Ans : Non-cooperation is a way of protesting in which you do not co-operate with the evil doer. Gandhi asked-his countrymen not to assist the foreign government to rule over them.
  • #7-b [3]
    What were the objectives which the movement sought to achieve ?
    Ans : Objectives of the Non-Cooperation movement:

    1. Restoring the old status of the Sultan of Turkey.

    2. Punishing those quilty of atrocities in Punjab.

    3. Attaining Swaraj for India.

  • #7-c [5]
    Explain the impact of the Non-Cooperation movement in India's struggle for freedom.
    Ans : Impact of the Movement:

    1. The movement provided a base to the Congress Gandhi mobilised masses in this movement. All sections of society—peasants, workers, lawyers, students, moneyed classes, women and oppressed people participated in their struggle for freedom.

    2. The movement undermined the power and prestige of the British Government. It created an anti British feeling in the country.

    3. Repression failed to crush the spirit of the people. The movement made the people bold and patriotic.

    4. Gandhi was determined to emancipate the poor and the oppressed. Removal of untouchability and promotion of Khadi became essential tool in Gandhi's struggle against British rule. Message of Swadeshi was spread.

    5. Another positive achievement was that the movement set the scene of Hindu Muslim unity. Never before any movement received the willing support of Hindus and Muslims alike.

  • Qstn #8
    :
    With reference to the picture given above answer the following:
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