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ICSE-X-HistCivics

Previous Year Paper year:2019

with Solutions - page 3
Qstn# III-6 Prvs-QstnNext-Qstn
  • #6
    The Second half of the 19th century witnessed the growth of a strong feeling of Nationalism. With reference to the statement, answer the following:
    (a) Write any three repressive Colonial policies of the British. [3]
    (b) State any three ways in which the Press played an important role in developing nationalism amongst Indians. [3]
    (c) Explain briefly any three differences in the methods adopted between the Early Nationalists and Radicals, in the National Movement. [4]
    (a) Write any three repressive Colonial policies of the British. [3]
    (b) State any three ways in which the Press played an important role in developing nationalism amongst Indians. [3]
    (c) Explain briefly any three differences in the methods adopted between the Early Nationalists and Radicals, in the National Movement. [4]
    Ans : null (a) (i) In 1877, the government lowered the maximum age limit for the I C S, examination from 21 to 19 years, thus making it impossible for the Indians to compete for it.

    (ii) The colonial government introduced Vernacular Press Act and Indian Arms Act. Both these were passed to pursue the policy of racial discrimination.
    (b) As we know, the press is an important integrating force in society. During the 19th century, the Indian society was plagued with many social and religious evils. The spirit of nationalism was missing. The Press did play a very vital role in reforming the society :

    1. It played an important role in the campaigns for social reforms and to influence activities of the state.
    2. It played an important role in the growth of National Movement.
    3. ‘The Kesari’ and several other newspapers created a great stir in the political life of the country.
    (c)
    Moderates (Early Nationalists)

    (i) The Early Nationalists believed in petitions, constitutionalism, prayers, passive resistance, resolutions and meetings. All these were peaceful methods.

    (ii) The Early Nationalists had full faith in the British Government and wanted to follow the policy of cooperation. Though in the later years, (during the agitation against the Partition of Bengal), they supported the ‘Swadeshi and Boycott’ movements. But they wanted to confine this movement only for special circumstances.

    (iii) The Early Nationalists agitated only for certain administrative and economic reforms. They wanted that the Indians should have some say in the government and administration of the country. It was only in 1906 that under pressure from the Aggressives they talked about “Swaraj’ as their goal. The ‘Swaraj’ as defined by them meant, a system of government as found in the self-governing British colonies.

    Radical (Assertive Nationalists)

    1. The Assertive Nationalists, on the other hand, supported and followed revolutionary methods by launching vigorous political agitations, making people self-reliant and bringing national awakening.
    2. The Assertive Nationalists believed in non-cooperation and adopted the programme of boycott against foreign goods, propagation of Swadeshi, a system of national education, etc. The Aggressives believed that it was necessary to extend the scope of boycott.
    3. The Assertive Nationalists, on the other hand, demanded “Puma Sw araj ‘-self¬government as it existed in the United Kingdom.
    (c) (a) (i) In 1877, the government lowered the maximum age limit for the I C S, examination from 21 to 19 years, thus making it impossible for the Indians to compete for it.

    (ii) The colonial government introduced Vernacular Press Act and Indian Arms Act. Both these were passed to pursue the policy of racial discrimination.
    (b) As we know, the press is an important integrating force in society. During the 19th century, the Indian society was plagued with many social and religious evils. The spirit of nationalism was missing. The Press did play a very vital role in reforming the society :

    1. It played an important role in the campaigns for social reforms and to influence activities of the state.
    2. It played an important role in the growth of National Movement.
    3. ‘The Kesari’ and several other newspapers created a great stir in the political life of the country.
    (c)
    Moderates (Early Nationalists)

    (i) The Early Nationalists believed in petitions, constitutionalism, prayers, passive resistance, resolutions and meetings. All these were peaceful methods.

    (ii) The Early Nationalists had full faith in the British Government and wanted to follow the policy of cooperation. Though in the later years, (during the agitation against the Partition of Bengal), they supported the ‘Swadeshi and Boycott’ movements. But they wanted to confine this movement only for special circumstances.

    (iii) The Early Nationalists agitated only for certain administrative and economic reforms. They wanted that the Indians should have some say in the government and administration of the country. It was only in 1906 that under pressure from the Aggressives they talked about “Swaraj’ as their goal. The ‘Swaraj’ as defined by them meant, a system of government as found in the self-governing British colonies.

    Radical (Assertive Nationalists)

    1. The Assertive Nationalists, on the other hand, supported and followed revolutionary methods by launching vigorous political agitations, making people self-reliant and bringing national awakening.
    2. The Assertive Nationalists believed in non-cooperation and adopted the programme of boycott against foreign goods, propagation of Swadeshi, a system of national education, etc. The Aggressives believed that it was necessary to extend the scope of boycott.
    3. The Assertive Nationalists, on the other hand, demanded “Puma Sw araj ‘-self¬government as it existed in the United Kingdom.
    (c)
  • #6-a
    Write any three repressive Colonial policies of the British. [3]
    Ans : (i) In 1877, the government lowered the maximum age limit for the I C S, examination from 21 to 19 years, thus making it impossible for the Indians to compete for it.

    (ii) The colonial government introduced Vernacular Press Act and Indian Arms Act. Both these were passed to pursue the policy of racial discrimination.
  • #6-b
    State any three ways in which the Press played an important role in developing nationalism amongst Indians. [3]
    Ans : As we know, the press is an important integrating force in society. During the 19th century, the Indian society was plagued with many social and religious evils. The spirit of nationalism was missing. The Press did play a very vital role in reforming the society :

    1. It played an important role in the campaigns for social reforms and to influence activities of the state.
    2. It played an important role in the growth of National Movement.
    3. ‘The Kesari’ and several other newspapers created a great stir in the political life of the country.
    (c)
    Moderates (Early Nationalists)

    (i) The Early Nationalists believed in petitions, constitutionalism, prayers, passive resistance, resolutions and meetings. All these were peaceful methods.

    (ii) The Early Nationalists had full faith in the British Government and wanted to follow the policy of cooperation. Though in the later years, (during the agitation against the Partition of Bengal), they supported the ‘Swadeshi and Boycott’ movements. But they wanted to confine this movement only for special circumstances.

    (iii) The Early Nationalists agitated only for certain administrative and economic reforms. They wanted that the Indians should have some say in the government and administration of the country. It was only in 1906 that under pressure from the Aggressives they talked about “Swaraj’ as their goal. The ‘Swaraj’ as defined by them meant, a system of government as found in the self-governing British colonies.

    Radical (Assertive Nationalists)

    1. The Assertive Nationalists, on the other hand, supported and followed revolutionary methods by launching vigorous political agitations, making people self-reliant and bringing national awakening.
    2. The Assertive Nationalists believed in non-cooperation and adopted the programme of boycott against foreign goods, propagation of Swadeshi, a system of national education, etc. The Aggressives believed that it was necessary to extend the scope of boycott.
    3. The Assertive Nationalists, on the other hand, demanded “Puma Sw araj ‘-self¬government as it existed in the United Kingdom.
  • #6-c
    Explain briefly any three differences in the methods adopted between the Early Nationalists and Radicals, in the National Movement. [4]