HomeLearn Fast select Course
Change UnitChange SubjectLast Menu
ICSE-X-Geography

12: Waste Management Class 10 Geography

with Solutions - page 4

Note: Please signup/signin free to get personalized experience.

Note: Please signup/signin free to get personalized experience.

10 minutes can boost your percentage by 10%

Note: Please signup/signin free to get personalized experience.

  
  • Qstn #7
    What happens to the garbage after it is put into a landfill?
    Ans : After the garbage is buried in the landfill it will begin to breakdown as aerobic and anaerobic micro-organisms decompose the garbage. This activity causes methane gas to be created, which is collected and burned off at one or more points on the landfill. Over time most biodegradation slows down dramatically. This happens because the anaerobic micro. organisms act much more slowly on materials. If these same materials were exposed to oxygen, water and sunlight the aerobic micro-organisms would decompose the waste materials much faster.
  • Qstn #8
    How does composting work?
    Ans : When grass, leaves, food waste, manure and woody material are placed of the ground, micro-organisms from the ground begin to eat the material. The breakdown of this material is speed up with assistance from air (oxygen), water, and sunlight. Generally it will take several months for the material to become compost and that will also depend on how often you turn the pile of material.
  • Qstn #9
    Discuss the functioning of air scrubber.
    Ans : The air scrubbers are the anti pollution devices which are visible as metal pipes which are used to trap the particles from the emissions of gaseous waste. The scrubbers prevent these pollutants from entering into the atmosphere. In the air scrubber the pollutants are removed from the gas emissions by spraying the scrubber liquid directly into the emissions. The dirty particles are surrounded by the scrubbers liquid which are then carried with the gas emissions into the cylinder. As the gas is cycled upwards through the cylinder the liquid covered particles drop from the gas in the contaminated liquid reservoir.
  • Qstn #10
    Explain Why is it so important to recycle?
    Ans : Recycling is important for several reasons:
    1. Recycling conserves natural resources: Some of these natural resources such as oil, natural gas and minerals are non-renewable resources. Simply put, they don’t get replaced as we pull them out of the ground. Once they’re gone, they’re gone forever.
    2. Recycling conserves landfill space: Landfill space will last longer if we only put items that are not recyclable into them. It costs a great deal of money to build a landfill and we need to be careful how much and how fast we fill them up.
    3. Recycling employs people. Recycling employs people who
      (a) collect the recyclable material,
      (b) process the material or get it ready to sell to a manufacturer,
      (c) transport the materials to factories where it will be turned into new products,
      (d) take the material and manufacture it into new products,
      (d) manufacture equipment and products used by the recycling industry, and
      (d) manage local, state and federal government recycling programs and private and non profit recycling programs.

    4. Recycling conserves energy: Without question, recycling conserves the energy that would be necessary to create the same product
      from its raw resource.
    5. Recycling reduces our dependence on overseas natural resources.
      This is important in two very important ways,
      (i) it reduces our dependence on overseas oil and gas which has national security implications and
      (ii) it reduces our foreign trade deficit which is important to the strength of our economy.
  • Qstn #11
    Discuss the processes of common recyclable items.
    Ans : Aluminium: Many beverage containers are aluminium made which can be melted and recycled. They are crushed and baled before sending them to the reclamation plant.
    Here they are put into furnace and melted to form ingots or sheets.
    Glass: scrap glass is called ‘cullet’ which melts at lower temperature than other raw materials thus saving fuel and money. Scraped glass is sorted by colour and made free from impurities. The cullet is melted in a furnace to make new glass.
  • Qstn #12
    What is made from recyclable materials?
    Ans :
    1. Aluminium cans are melted down and recycled into new aluminium cans and other products made of aluminium.
    2. Newspapers and telephone books are ground up and made into newsprint, cereal boxes, cellulose insulation for keeping homes warm, paper egg cartons, and ceiling tiles.
    3. Glass bottles are crushed, melted and recycled into more glass bottles, or used along with sand and gravel in asphalt roads.
    4. Automobile scrap tires are generally chipped and burned as a fuel in place of or in addition to coal. Scrap tires are also manufactured into numerous rubber products including rubber mats and rubber bumpers.
    5. Yard and food waste can be composted in your backyard. Since the compost contains plenty of nitrogen and other organic nutrients, it is great in gardens and flower beds.
  • #
    Section : D
    Give Reasons
    Give Geographical Reasons for the following:
  • Qstn #1
    What are the reasons for spoilage of landscape?
    Ans : Spoilage of landscape is due to improper disposal wastes, especially solid waste, it may include slag heaps from paper mills, waste from mines, fertilizer, etc. Even our household contributes a large no. of solid wastes like paper, plastic, vegetable waste, etc.
  • Qstn #2
    Why is composting important?
    Ans : Composting is important because it puts organic materials back into the ground which is necessary for a naturally healthy lawn and garden. In addition, composting is important because it’s a better alternative then sending these natural organic materials to the landfill.
  • Qstn #3
    Why do we have landfills and are they really necessary?
    Ans : The garbage that is disposed of each day by municipalities, counties, government, business and industries must be done so in an environmentally safe way in order to protect human health and the environment. Landfills are one way to dispose of our solid waste in a safe way. We have landfills because not every item thrown out or discarded can be recycling or reused.
  • #
    Section : E
    Differentiate
  • Qstn #1
    Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable waste.
    Ans : Difference between Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable waste
    Biodegradable Non-biodegradable
    The biodegradable wastes break down and decompose by microorganism like bacteria and fungi in the soil. e.g. Wood, Paper etc. Non-biodegradable waste includes that material which does not breakdown or decompose in the soil. e.g. Plastics, Poly bags etc.
  • #
    Section : F
    Name the Following
  • Qstn #1
    Name three diseases which occur because of waste accumulation on land.
    Ans : Diarrhoea, cholera, viral hepatitis.
  • Qstn #2
    Name the methods for disposal of solid, liquid and gaseous waste.
    Ans : Solid waste disposal methods: dumping, incineration, composting. Liquid waste disposal methods: grit chamber, sedimentation, digestion and drying. Gaseous waste disposal methods: air scrubbers and electrostatic precipitator.
next page