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ICSE-X-Geography

04: Soils in India Class 10 Geography

with Solutions - page 4

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  • Qstn #13
    How is Red Soil formed? State two reasons for the low productivity of Red Soil or . disadvantages.
    Ans : Red Soil is formed by weathering of crystalline and
    metamorphic rocks.
    Reasons for low productivity:
    1. Deficient in nitrogen, humus.
    2. Porous , friable.
  • Qstn #14
    How is Laterite Soil formed ?
    Ans : It is formed by the weathering of Soil or due to intense
    leaching during the periods of heavy rainfall. All the soluble materials are
    removed and a hard stony layer remains.
  • Qstn #15
    Where is Laterite Soil Formed ?
    Ans : It is found m Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu,
    Karnataka, Assam, Bengal, Orissa and along the Western and Eastern Ghats.
  • Qstn #16
    State two disadvantages of Laterite Soil.
    Ans : Disadvantages of Laterite Soils are:
    1. They contain high percentage of acidity.
    2. It is generally coarse in texture and cannot retain
      moisture.

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  • #17
  • #17-i
    Why is Laterite Soil unsuitable for cultivation? Name an area where this Soil is found.
    Ans : Laterites are intensively leached Soils of the
    monsoon climate. They lack in elements of fertility and thus are normally of
    low value for crop production. Laterite Soil is found in India in hill summits
    ot Eastern and Western Ghats and Assam Hills.
  • #17-ii
    Name the type of Soil found on the summit of the Eastern Ghats. Explain the causes of its formation.
    Ans : Laterite Soils are found on the summits of the
    Eastern Ghats. These are formed in the areas which experience high temperature
    and heavy rainfall. They are formed by the process of leaching.
  • Qstn #18
    What is the meaning of ‘Soil Erosion’?
    Ans : The washing away or the removal of the Soil is known as
    Soil erosion. Soil erosion, thus, may be termed as the detachment and
    transportation of Soil particles by agents of denudation such as weathering,
    running water and wind, etc.
  • Qstn #19
    Mention the types of Soil erosion by water.
    Ans : Soil erosioin by water can be of the following sub-types:
    1. Sheet erosion
    2. Rill erosion
    3. Gully erosion
    4. Stream Bank erosion.
    5. Sea-shore erosion.
    6. Slip erosion.
  • Qstn #20
    State the factors upon which the rate of Soil erosion depends.
    Ans : The rate of Soil erosion depends upon:


    1. Character of the slope of land.
    2. The density of vegetation.
    3. Rainfall—Heavy or Light.
  • Qstn #21
    Define ‘Leaching’? In which region South of the Tropic of Cancer, can one find Soil formed by ‘Leaching’?
    Ans : Leaching Soil is the process by which soluble substances
    such as organic basic minerals and mineral salts are washed out of the upper
    layer of a Soil into a lower layer by percolating rain water, e.g., Laterite
    Soil.
    Found in Karnataka which is south of Tropic of Cancer.
  • Qstn #22
    What is sheet erosion ?
    Ans : When the vegetation cover of an area is removed, the rain
    water instead of sinking into the ground, washes the Soil down the slope. Each
    succeeding rain-stream washes away a thin layer of absorbent top Soil. This is
    known as Sheet Erosion.
  • Qstn #23
    What is rill erosion?
    Ans : In rill erosion small finger-like rills begin to appear
    on the landscape. These rills are usually smoothened out by working of the farm
    implements. But, slowly the rills increase not only in number but also in their
    shape and size. They get wider and deeper.
    This reduces the actual area under crop and results in
    declining crop yields.
  • Qstn #24
    What is stream bank erosion?
    Ans : The banks of the streams or rivers get eroded every year
    by the flowing water.
    In certain areas, the streams and rivers often change
    their course bit by bit every year and their beds get widened.
  • #25
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