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CBSE-IX-Foundation percent 252520of%252520Information%252520Technology%252520.

02: Computer System Organisation

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  • Qstn #3
    Which device is used for recognising physical or behavioural traits of an individual. Also, write one advantage of this device.
    Ans : Biometric sensor is a device used for recognising physical or behavioural traits of an individual. This device is mainly used for security purpose and for marking attendance of employees/students in organisations/institutions. The major advantage of this device is that it eliminates the problem caused by lost IDs or forgotten passwords etc.
  • Qstn #4
    Explain LCD. Write the features of an LCD monitor.
    Ans : LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display. These screens are used in notebooks and laptops sized PCs. A special type of liquid is sandwiched between two plates. It is thin, flat and light weight screen made up of any number of colors. Some of the major features of LCD monitors are as follows:
    1. Reduced radiation
    2. Light weight
    3. Less eyestrain
  • Qstn #5
    Define the non-impact printers.
    Ans : These printers are much quieter than impact printers as their printing heads do not strike the paper. Most non-impact printers produce dot-matrix patterns. There is no mechanical contact between the paper and the print head. These printers are comparatively faster and produce high quality output. They can be used for printing text and graphics both in black, white and colored.
  • Qstn #6
    Which technology is used in a laser printers?
    Ans : Laser printers are based on photocopy technology to print. They use a laser beam and dry powder ink to produce a high quality dot matrix pattern. They can print graphic images too. They are ideally used when good quality and large scale printing is required.
  • Qstn #7
    What are plotter? State their areas of application.
    Ans : It is an output device similar to a printer that uses a pen, pencil, marker or other writing tool to make a design. It is generally used to generate the map of building and shopping malls. It is a computer A Patter
    printing device for printing vector graphics.
    In the past, plotters were widely used in applications such as CAD and other print jobs. Though, they have generally been replaced with wide format conventional printers.
  • Qstn #8
    Distinguish between input unit and output unit.
    Ans : Distinguish between input unit and output unit are as follows:
    Input Unit Output Unit
    It accepts the data and instructions frofri outside. It accepts the result which produced by the computer.
    It converts the accepted instructions and data in computer acceptable form It converts the results, which are in a coded form to human readable form.
    It supplies the converted instructions and data to the computer system for further processing. It supplies the converted results to the user.
  • Qstn #9
    Name the storage device whose contents have to be erased completely everytime when a user wants to change or add some data.
    Ans : CD-RW (Compact Disc-Rewritable) is a storage device whose contents have to be completely erased everytime when a user wants to change or add some data.
    A CD-RW can be written multiple number of times. The data burned on a CD-RW cannot be changed, but it can be erased.
    Long Answer Type Questions
  • #
    Section : C
  • Qstn #1
    What are the characteristics of a computer?
    Ans : The characteristics of a computer are as follows:
    Accuracy Computer operates with very high degree of accuracy and can do 100% error free calculations. It does not get exhausted to the extent of making mistakes.
    Speed Computer is generally known for its speed. It can process data very fast at the rate of millions of instructions per second. Units of speed is measured in micro seconds, nano seconds and pico seconds.
    Diligence Unlike human beings, a computer is free from monotony, tiredness, lack of concentration etc and can do work for hours without creating any errors.
    Automaticity It means that once the program is loaded in the memory of the computer system, the operations which are instructed by the program are performed one after the other without any human interference.
    Versatility Computer is highly versatile in nature. It fits into different fields of human endeavour ranging from business, education, technology, engineering, law, commerce, agriculture, medicine, sports etc. It can perform different types of tasks which are provided in a logical way to execute.
    Large Storage Capacity Data can be stored electronically in considerably less space which can be retrieved in a fraction of the time when needed. A limited amount of data can be stored temporarily in primary memory of computer. For permanent storage of data, secondary storage devices are used.
    Plug and Play Computer has the ability to automatically configure a news hardware and software component.
  • Qstn #2
    What is an input device? Explain the input device that is used to convert handwritten text into machine readable format.
    Ans : An input device is used to enter data or information into the computer for processing, e.g. a keyboard.
    OCR is an input device used to convert handwritten text into machine readable format. It reads the characters with the help of a light source and photoelectric cells.
    The technology is being developed for greater accurate recognition which is also known as Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR).
  • Qstn #3
    Define the different types of scanners.
    Ans : It is a device that allows a user to take an image or text and convert it into a digital tile, allowing the computer to read or display the scanned object.
    It can be used for storing the documents in their original form that can be modified and manipulated later on.
    It comes in a variety of size from hand-held models to desktop models which are as follows:
    Hand-held scanners They are very small which can be held in a hand. These are less expensive and less wide. Hence, in order to scan a single page image, multiple passes are required. But, their handiness is a major advantage of hand-held scanners.
    Flatbed scanners They are large and more expensive scanners that create higher quality of images. These scanners have a flat surface on which the printed image to he scanned is placed (Similar to the way a page is placed on a photocopier). They can scan a page in a single pass.
    Drum scanners They are medium size scanners with a rolling drum. The sheet is fed through the scanners so that the drum rolls over the entire sheet to be scanned (Just as the sheets are fed in a fax machine).
  • Qstn #4
    What is MICR? Where is it mostly used? What are the major advantages and disadvantages of MICR as general purpose input medium?
    Ans : MICR stands for Magnetic Ink Character Recognition.
    It is a characters recognition technology that can read human unreadable characters that are printed using a special magnetic ink. It is mostly used in banks to facilitate the processing of cheques.
    Advantages
    Advantages of MICR are as follows:
    1. It decreases the margin of errors.
    2. Provides high security.
    Disadvantages
    Disadvantages of MICR are as follows:
    1. Time consuming standards.
    2. The number of characters that can be recorded with present techniques is very limited.
  • Qstn #5
    Write two categories of printers? Which type of printers are more speedy and quieter?
    Ans : The printers can be classified into two categories which are as follows:
    1. Impact printers In these types of printers, there is a mechanical contact between the paper and the printer head. These can further be classified as-Line printers (which can print a line at a time) and Daisy wheel printers (which can print a character at a time).
    2. Non-impact printers In these types of printers, there is no mechanical contact between the paper and the printer head.
    The printing takes place with some electromagnetic thermal or laser techniques.
    The non-impact printers are more speedy and quieter than impact printers.
  • Qstn #6
    What are the functional units of a computer?
    Ans : The functional units of a computer are as follows:
    1. Input Unit Computer takes data from input devices.
    2. CPU (Central Processing Unit) It is the brain of the computer, where most of the calculations takes place.
    It consists of
    ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit) It performs arithmetical and logical operations.
    CU (Control Unit) It extracts instructions from memory, decodes and executes them.
    3. Output Unit Gives out results or data through output devices.
    4. Auxiliary Storage Secondary storage devices are used to store data and instructions permanently.
  • Qstn #7
    Differentiate between RAM and ROM.
    Ans : Random Access Memory (RAM) also called the read/write memory as data can be read and write to it. It is a temporary memory. The contents of the RAM are accessible only as long as the computer is ON. Once the computer is turned OFF, the contents of RAM are wiped out. It stores operating system routines, application programs and the data in current use are kept temporarily.
    The types of RAM are SRAM and DRAM.
    Read Only Memory (ROM) is a special type of memory whose contents can only be read. It is a permanent memory, so the contents of the ROM are not lost, even when the computer is switched OFF. It is normally used to store the manufacturer’s instructions.
    The types of ROM are PROM, EPROM and EEPROM.
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