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CBSE-IX-Foundation of Information Technology .

06: Basic Concepts of Operating System

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    Foundation of Information Technology - Basic Concepts of Operating System
  • #
    Section : A
    Very Short Answer Type Questions
  • Qstn #1
    What is an operating system?
    Ans : An operating system is a system software that acts as an interface between the user and the hardware resources. It provides a variety of services to the computer.
  • Qstn #2
    Which is the first program that loads in memory?
    Ans : Operating system is the first program that loads in computer’s main memory, when a computer is switched on.
  • Qstn #3
    What do you mean by buffering?
    Ans : Buffering is a technique of storing data in memory area (buffer).
  • Qstn #4
    Data can be transferred in which form?
    Ans : Data can be transferred in the form of units such as characters, words, bytes, blocks or records from one component to another.
  • Qstn #5
    Is Windows NT a family of an operating system (s)?
    Ans : Yes, it is a family of an operating system produced by Microsoft in July 1993. NT stands for New Technology.
  • Qstn #6
    Name any two commonly used operating system.
    Ans : Windows 7 and Windows XP.
  • Qstn #7
    Who released the first Android OS Astro’?
    Ans : The First Android OS ‘Astro’ was released by Google on September 20th, 2008.
  • #
    Section : B
    Short Answer Type Questions
  • Qstn #1
    State any two functions of operating system,.
    Ans :

    1. Device management
      In a computer system, there is a tremendous speed mismatch between the CPU and the I/O devices. The job of an operating system is to maintain a balance between the CPU and I/O devices. Apart from this, it has to maintain a balance between various I/O devices and has to keep the CPU busy in various processing.
    2. Processor Management
      A process or a job is an application program in running state. Processor management is the important part of an OS, which enables the activities of planning, monitoring and performing a process. During execution, a process needs certain resources such as CPU time, memory space, files and I/O devices.
  • Qstn #2
    Differentiate between hard and soft real-time operating systems.
    Ans : Difference between hard and soft real-time OS are as follows:
    Hard Real-Time OS Soft Real-Time OS
    A hard real-time system guarantees that critical tasks complete on time. A soft real-time system where a critical real-time task gets priority over other tasks and retains that priority until it completes.
    This goal requires that all delays in the system be bounded from the retrieval of the stored data to the time that it takes the operating system to finish any request made of it. As in hard real-time systems kernel delays need to be bounded.
    Its tasks are periodic that receive, process and send messages. Usually, they are periodic tasks scheduled in background, during the idle time of the processor.
  • Qstn #3
    Which OS operates on Smartphones and explain any one type of OS?
    Ans : Mobile OS is the type of OS, that operates on Smartphones, Tablets, PDAs or other Digital Mobile devices. Several types of mobile operating systems are available in market as follows:
    Android, BlackBerry, iOS, Windows etc.
    Android is a Mobile OS which is based on Linux kernel and primarily designed for touch screen mobile devices.
    It provides access to a wide range of useful libraries and tools that can be used to build rich applications. The latest version of Android operating system is Marshmallow 6.0.
  • Qstn #4
    What do you mean by Linux?
    Ans : Linux is an open source operating system, means anyone can download it and use it without any fees.
    It is similar to Unix in its working and difficult to understand. It is an OS that controls your computer system.
  • Qstn #5
    Kernel is the central module of operating system. Explain.
    Ans : Kernel is like heart of operating system which plays a vital role in modern OS. Kernel is a program that manages I/O requests and translate them into data processing instructions for CPU and other components. It is a part of the OS that loads first and it remains in the main memory.
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