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ICSE-IX-Geography
13: Insolation
- #1Describe the four factors that affect the distribution of temperature.Ans : The factors are different physical properties of land and water keeping continental climate cold and oceanic climate mild
- Latitude: The temperature decreases from the equator towards poles.
- Distance from the sea keeping coastal ports mild and areas for from sea cold. Altitude mountains are cooler than plains due to the lapse rate of decrease of temperature of 1°C for every 166 m. of height;
- Slope of the land: South facing slopes of mountains are warmer than northern facing. Inversion of temperature takes place in hilly valley regions due to higher sunny slopes and the valley downward covered with fog and snow are cooler than higher slopes.
- Wind direction: Windward slopes get much rainfall, while the Leeward slopes are drier. Natural vegetation cover absorbs 90% of solar energy, which is again consumed in transpiration and keeping the forested are mild, while snowy lands are cold.
- Cloud Cover and Humidity: Clouds reflect the sunlight leaving the land below cool. Still, the humidity absorbs heat keeping these areas with average temperatures not more than 30°C.