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ICSE-IX-Geography

09: Weathering

with Solutions -

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    Section : I
    Short Answer Questions
  • Qstn #1
    What is weathering ?
    Ans : Weathering involves disintegration or decay of solid rock due to change in temperature and weather and their impact on the composition of rock.
  • Qstn #2
    Give one point of difference between physical and chemical weathering.
    Ans : Physical weathering does disintegration of rock without chemical reaction and the chemical weathering does change in chemical compounds within rock.
  • Qstn #3
    What is known as exfoliation ? Name the processes involved in it ?
    Ans : Sudden change in temperature causes fissures in the rocks through which water penetrates to motivate chemical weathering along with sudden contraction and expansion due to change in temperature peels out the upper layer of rock known as exfoliation.
  • Qstn #4
    Name the four processes involved in chemical weathering.
    Ans : These are solution, carbonation, oxidation and hydration.
  • Qstn #5
    What is known as oxidation ?
    Ans : It is the process of reaction of minerals present in rocks to atmospheric oxygen.
  • Qstn #6
    Briefly describe biological weathering.
    Ans : Biological weathering is done by animals, insects plants and man, because these break up the rocks through making holes, root channels and construction of building, canals etc.
  • Qstn #7
    What are exogenic forces ?
    Ans : These are the external forces that sculpture the surface features of the land.
  • Qstn #8
    What is called denudation ? Name the processes involved in it.
    Ans : Denudation is the wearing away of landmass by various agents as water, wind and ice through various processes like weathering, mass movement, erosion and transportation.
  • Qstn #9
    Name the two processes of gradation.
    Ans : Two processes are denudation and aggradation.
  • Qstn #10
    What is the chief characteristic of weathering in tropical climates ?
    Ans : Tropical climates are noted for distinct dry and wet season and high rate of evaporation. During rainy season the oxides of iron and aluminium are dissolved in water and mix up with the soil to form laterite soils.
  • Qstn #11
    What is known as mass wasting ?
    Ans : The movement of loose material derived from the bed rock through weathering is called mass wasting.
  • Qstn #12
    Name any two slow movements of mass wasting.
    Ans : Slow movements of mass wasting an be divided into two main types:
    1. Creep
    2. Solifluction.

    Creep: The slow downhill movement of debris is called soil creep.
    Solifluction: The water mixed with soil forms clay which moves as a thick viscous fluid.
  • Qstn #13
    Give one example of rapid mass movement.
    Ans : Rapid mass movement includes large amount of debris, soil, boulders and rock pieces etc, e.g. landslides and sheet erosion or displacement of the upper rock strata in large amount to uncover the rocks lying below.
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