ICSE-X-HistCivics
Previous Year Paper year:2012
- #8:
Gandhiji introduced new ideas in politics and adopted new methods to give a new direction to the political movement. In this context, answer the following questions: (a) Gandhiji doctrine of Satyagraha. (b) Gandhiji's Social Ideals. (c) Which mass struggle was launched by him on non-violent lines in 1920 ? Explain in brief the programmes of such a campaign. (a) Gandhiji doctrine of Satyagraha. (b) Gandhiji's Social Ideals. (c) Which mass struggle was launched by him on non-violent lines in 1920 ? Explain in brief the programmes of such a campaign.Ans : (a) Satyagraha: The doctrine of Satyagraha was developed by Gandhiji during his stay in South Africa and the racial discrimination suffered by him and other Asians and Blacks. The term Satyagraha means to fight against the social and political injustice through truth, non-violence and love. The principle of Satyagraha is based on self-control, self-suffering and non-violence to win over the hatred and violence of the wrongdoer.
The Satyagraha aims at reforming a wrongdoer by appealing to his conscience and reason. It believes in capacity to bear suffering without showing any retaliation to the wrongdoer. In developing the principle of Satyagraha Gandhiji was greatly influenced by Hindu and Christian scriptures and devotional poetry of Gujarati poet Narsimh Mehta and teachings of Russian writer Leo Tolstoy. (b) Gandhiji's whole philosophy was based on non-violence. According to Gandhiji, it is the weapon of strong, mighty and powerful individuals. He was of the opinion that neither an individual nor a country could gain anything by using violent methods. He launched many movements for gaining freedom but none of them was violent. During the non-cooperation movement, he suspended the movement when it was as its zenith just because of Chauri Chaura incident in which 22 policemen were burnt alive. (c) Gandhiji realised the importance and power of the organised masses. He was of the opinion that a few leaders or individuals would not be able to win freedom. It is the power of the masses which will force the Britishers to leave the country. In 1920, he launched Non-Co-operation Movement, in which workers, women, students, farmers all participated.
Non-Cooperation Movement has two kinds of programme i.e. negative and positive.
Negative aspects includes :
- The boycott of legislative Councils.
- The boycott of the law-courts by the lawyers.
- The boycott of government schools & colleges.
- The boycott of British goods.
Positive aspects includes :
- Hindu Muslim Unity.
- Removal of Untouchability.
- Promotion of Swadeshi products.
- Prohibition of Intoxicating drinks.
The Satyagraha aims at reforming a wrongdoer by appealing to his conscience and reason. It believes in capacity to bear suffering without showing any retaliation to the wrongdoer. In developing the principle of Satyagraha Gandhiji was greatly influenced by Hindu and Christian scriptures and devotional poetry of Gujarati poet Narsimh Mehta and teachings of Russian writer Leo Tolstoy. (b) Gandhiji's whole philosophy was based on non-violence. According to Gandhiji, it is the weapon of strong, mighty and powerful individuals. He was of the opinion that neither an individual nor a country could gain anything by using violent methods. He launched many movements for gaining freedom but none of them was violent. During the non-cooperation movement, he suspended the movement when it was as its zenith just because of Chauri Chaura incident in which 22 policemen were burnt alive. (c) Gandhiji realised the importance and power of the organised masses. He was of the opinion that a few leaders or individuals would not be able to win freedom. It is the power of the masses which will force the Britishers to leave the country. In 1920, he launched Non-Co-operation Movement, in which workers, women, students, farmers all participated.
Non-Cooperation Movement has two kinds of programme i.e. negative and positive.
Negative aspects includes :
- The boycott of legislative Councils.
- The boycott of the law-courts by the lawyers.
- The boycott of government schools & colleges.
- The boycott of British goods.
Positive aspects includes :
- Hindu Muslim Unity.
- Removal of Untouchability.
- Promotion of Swadeshi products.
- Prohibition of Intoxicating drinks.
- #8-a [3]Gandhiji doctrine of Satyagraha.Ans : Satyagraha: The doctrine of Satyagraha was developed by Gandhiji during his stay in South Africa and the racial discrimination suffered by him and other Asians and Blacks. The term Satyagraha means to fight against the social and political injustice through truth, non-violence and love. The principle of Satyagraha is based on self-control, self-suffering and non-violence to win over the hatred and violence of the wrongdoer.
The Satyagraha aims at reforming a wrongdoer by appealing to his conscience and reason. It believes in capacity to bear suffering without showing any retaliation to the wrongdoer. In developing the principle of Satyagraha Gandhiji was greatly influenced by Hindu and Christian scriptures and devotional poetry of Gujarati poet Narsimh Mehta and teachings of Russian writer Leo Tolstoy.
- #8-b [3]Gandhiji's Social Ideals.Ans : Gandhiji's whole philosophy was based on non-violence. According to Gandhiji, it is the weapon of strong, mighty and powerful individuals. He was of the opinion that neither an individual nor a country could gain anything by using violent methods. He launched many movements for gaining freedom but none of them was violent. During the non-cooperation movement, he suspended the movement when it was as its zenith just because of Chauri Chaura incident in which 22 policemen were burnt alive.
- #8-c [4]Which mass struggle was launched by him on non-violent lines in 1920 ? Explain in brief the programmes of such a campaign.Ans : Gandhiji realised the importance and power of the organised masses. He was of the opinion that a few leaders or individuals would not be able to win freedom. It is the power of the masses which will force the Britishers to leave the country. In 1920, he launched Non-Co-operation Movement, in which workers, women, students, farmers all participated.
Non-Cooperation Movement has two kinds of programme i.e. negative and positive.
Negative aspects includes :
- The boycott of legislative Councils.
- The boycott of the law-courts by the lawyers.
- The boycott of government schools & colleges.
- The boycott of British goods.
Positive aspects includes :
- Hindu Muslim Unity.
- Removal of Untouchability.
- Promotion of Swadeshi products.
- Prohibition of Intoxicating drinks.